Ribbon no Kishi (1963)
Princess Knight

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There’s this common belief that Princess Knight is the first shoujo manga ever. While this is not necessarily true, what is true is that Princess Knight is the first shoujo manga serialization. The first long-story of the genre.
It’s the Astro Boy of Shoujo, and that makes sense, because it’s mangaka is very much Astro Boy’s own Osamu Tezuka.

Written in 1953, Princess Knight is nonetheless a very important landmark in the history of manga as a whole. But I’m not here to review the 1953’s version of Princess Knight. Mostly because I didn’t read it, as a matter of fact, I doubt most people who have ... it in their lists did either.
It’s more likely that they read the 1963’s remake. Completely re-written and re-drawn by Tezuka himself, this is the version that’s widely available for us, and has been translated in multiple languages.
Since I never read the original, I can’t really tell you a comprehensive list of differences, but improved art and panelling are the most obvious, an extension from 3 to 5 volumes (while keeping the chapter count at 27) and a change of villains, from Mephisto to Madame Hell, and, perhaps the biggest being the introduction of Captain Blood. It’s hard to say if these changes are for better or for worse, so I’ll be talking about the manga as is from here on out.



The story of Princess Knight is about a princess (I bet you didn’t see that one coming) who, due to a mistake, is born with both male and female hearts.
At first I thought this would make Sapphire, our main character, a hermaphrodite, but not really, specially because genitals seem to be inexistent in this word. Instead, this means that fate forced her to hold two personas. Being born as a girl, for half a day she gets to wear dresses, learn feminine etiquette, enjoy fashion, dancing… etc.. etc..
But, to make sure the evil Duke Duralumon doesn’t take the throne, she has to pretend to be a prince, which she does in the other half of her day. Learning how to swordfight and other manly, manly things.

Due to this plot, it’s natural that a big portion of this manga revolves around gender roles.
How it handles it is something that I think might be subjective…
It’s clear that, to a certain degree, the forced gender roles are taken as a bad thing, or as a joke. They put a baseball bat and a cap on the bed to make it look like the baby is male, which is still my favourite joke in the entire manga.
There’s multiple characters that think that the Princess should be able to rule as a woman, and not have to hide her gender. And the women in general have a strong presence in the later part of the manga, in a very fun battle of sexes.


But Princess Sapphire has two clear sides to her coin. Without her female heart, she’s brash, rude, strong. Without her male heart, she’s cute, weak and frail. Which is fine, but it also goes against other portraits of female characters within the same story. Makes it a bit… inconsistent.
With that said, the major villain of this manga, Madame Hell, is trying to steal Sapphire’s female heart so she can give her to her daughter, who she believes is not girly at all. So maybe those girls also have a male heart? Who knows.

The story itself is pretty fun to read, we follow Sapphire as she goes from adventure to adventure, to stop people from finding her real self, or to protect her heart from Madame Hell, which, by the way, is married to SATAN himself.
Everything is adorned with a clear early Disney influence that is sure to captivate the fans of those movies.
Evil witches, princesses and castles, dancing animals and, of course, a Prince Charming, literally named Franz Charming, here to save the day. With that said, Sapphire is much more proactive than the early heroines of Disney movies. Fighting the bad guys with her talent in sword fight, and even taking care of the good guys when in need.

The Disney influence gives this a whimsical and fun atmosphere, which helps making it’s somewhat straightforward and simple narrative more enjoyable. We should note that this is very much a story made for kids, and I think kids can easily enjoy it, even now, 60 years after the manga was released, or re-released, I suppose. I think that, despite talking about gender roles as a main topic, it’s still very much a timeless tale.


But even with the straightforward storyline, I still feel like there’s a couple of things that come out weird and lead to an anti-climatic ending.
First being Venus, a villain that is introduced at the end without any real kind of build-up, which isn’t even consistent with the rest of the mythology, which is clearly rooted in Christianity. There’s Madame Hell, Satan, and a major helper of Sapphire is Tink (which looks like Link, but he came first, so I guess Shigeru Myamoto was a Tezuka fan). Tink is an angel who’s in service of God, and even uses a crucifix… So why do we have a Roman god out of nowhere?
Well, that’s a nitpick, honestly, but I found it weird.

Something that’s less of a nitpick is Captain Blood. I found out that he’s an addition of this manga while doing some research for this review. It's hard to believe that he wasn’t in the original, since he has such a large screen time, and he’s even given a major plot twist and relation to another major character in the story… That’s never concluded. It’s incredibly weird that you’d plant the seeds for his character arc and never bother to conclude them, but alas…


Princess Knight is far from being “a masterpiece”, but it does its role perfectly enough. It’s a kid’s story that’s bound to entertain most kids, while giving them some to think about what it means to be a boy or a girl, plus I think any Disney fan will be able to take something from this story.

This is the third Tezuka's manga that I read and it was the only disappointing so far. The drawing is excellent and it is very appropiate for the fairytal that Ribbon no Kishi is. On the other hand the story is not that good. Tezuka is constantly introducing new sitations and characters but it feels improvised. He could finish it in so many chapters and it wouldn't make any difference at all. Nevertheless there are some interesting ideas about gender equality and gender roles. An achievement in the 60's Japan I guess. Also most of the characters are simple but great. I think the only ... exception is the prince Franz Charming. What a bland romantic partner!
Finally I want to point out that this story is targeted to a younger audience than me so maybe the little kids can enjoy it.

Princess Knight is a tedious read.

The characters are paper-thin, all copied and pasted (as is the story) from various European fairy tails and mythologies; the events follow each other without setup and with no thought given to pacing or structure; and important moments aren't given any weight or significance, all lost in a narrative that only runs forward (with its eyes firmly closed).

Something that made me laugh was the appearance of a certain Greek deity, a few chapters before the end, despite the overbearing presence and many, many mentions of the Christian God.

The only redeming qualities in Princess Knight are the humor (both written and ... visual), as well as the charming art, which stays mostly very simple (and is reminiscent of French-Belgian comics), but is often lovely.

The original Princess Knight, published 1953-1956, was important for several reasons. It was the first Shoujo manga with an actual storyline. It also was a large influence on the development of the Magical Girl genre, since even though it does not feature a magical girl it's portrayal of a powerful female protagonist was a major influence on the genre. It also influenced later Shoujo manga (mainly from the 60s to the 80s) to explore gender identity and androgyny. This manga, meanwhile, is the remake Osamu Tezuka made about a decade later.

Story - 8/10
This is one of the more light-hearted Tezuka manga that I've read. ... Princess Knight takes place in a world that resembles a medieval fairy tale. I addition to the castles that look straight out of Bavaria, there are knights, dragons, evil plotting uncles, and angels and demons. There is so much humor and breaking of the fourth wall in the story that the tone never feels very heavy, but the storyline itself is played straight, so that in spite of the presence of so much humor the story never turns into a comedy. Nonetheless, it stays whimsical and lighthearted. Even the villains aren't exactly frightening.

The storyline itself starts simple enough. Sapphire is a princess born who was accidentally implanted with the soul of a man as well. Thus, she has two souls, a soul of a man and a woman. However, Sapphire is ultimately a girl, just one with some masculine traits (strength and competency apparently being male traits). Due to the laws of the kingdom, she cannot become heir as a girl, so she masquerades a boy. Meanwhile, the villainous Duke Duralumin has other plans, and seeks to discover her secret. That seems simple, enough but things start to get more complex from there as things slowly start to unravel for Sapphire.

Princess Knight eschews the episode-of-the-week format storyline that you find in some works of the time. But Tezuka rarely did do those types of storylines in his shorter works. Instead, we have a storyline in which the fundamental situation and circumstances are constantly shifting. Things never stay the same for long. In effect, Princess Knight's storyline consists in a series of story arcs. The story does drag a little at the end, when there is an entire arc revolving the goddess Venus that comes out of nowhere. The ending is also quite sudden for a work that is over 700 pages.

Art - 8/10

This is the first Tezuka manga I've read with a physical copy, so I may be biased, but I found the art to fantastic. Even one of the better ones of Tezuka that I've read. While relatively simple by today's standards, Tezuka certainly knew how to draw, and I found much of the art quite beautiful here.

Themes -

The most notable thing about Princess Knight is of course how it plays with gender identity. The protagonist Sapphire was born with both the heart of a boy and a girl. However, her girl's heart is the more overpowering force in her, so even though she has hearts of both sexes, she is simply a girl with some masculine traits, such as competency in fighting. And Sapphire, even though she is a girl and wants to be a girl, is forced by circumstances to masquerade as male. This began a tradition of androgynous characters within Shoujo manga, with Sapphire being the first in a long line of shoujo female protagonists who were androgynous or presented as male.

In this manga, Osamu Tezuka assigned specific traits to genders in an overly-stereotypical manner which he didn't seem to really believe in. Sapphire gets her gentleness and general womanliness from her woman's heart, and gets her strength, fencing skills, and general competence from her man's heart. When she losses her man's heart, she losses so much strength that she feels weak and is unable to fight. Even personality seems to be changed by whether one has a man's or woman's heart. In fact, in the manga we see an unmanly boy eat a man's heart. The result is he becomes more manly. This was the state of things until Tezuka changes his mind half-through, at which point girls seem perfectly able to fight against men with only their girl's heart.

Overall - 8/10

Princess Knight does not have any glaring flaws. I wouldn't call it one of Tezuka's masterpieces, but it is an important. If you like classic manga, Tezuka, or are interested in shoujo manga, I'd recommend Princess Knight. Plus, you can get the whole thing for less than $30.

This manga wasn't all that good if I'm being honest. It actually drug on at points and got annoying. Though I'm rating it a 6/10 because I do respect it. I respect that it influenced a lot of Shoujo, including the masterpiece, Rose of Versailles. It does well to talk of gender, and it puts women in a great light. Well, sort of... It does show women as strong and having multiple types of interests and personalities. Though it also shows them as jealous and love crazy at times. Ultimately, it's a great representation because it's diverse. ... I'd say its take on gender and how it influenced a lot of Shoujo after it is what boosts it up. When you take that away, it's a rather boring story. It's clearly inspired by Disney and other fairy tales. Though it feels like a mashup of them at times. Once again, I do have to respect this manga for the influence it had, but it just wasn't all that as a work of art. It's a 5/10 manga that's boosted to a 6/10, due to the influence it has on others.