Umi no Mizu wa Naze Karai

Cutout animation is a form of stop-motion animation usually made with paper or fabric cutouts. The technique was especially popular in Japanese animation before 1934 because cel animation used to be too expensive. Therefore pioneers of anime such as Noburou Oofuji and Yasuji Murata often used cutouts. Silhouette animation is considered a subgenre with its history going back to shadow plays. It is included in a separate stack.

Collage animation is closely related:
https://myanimelist.net/stacks/21389

More Cutout Animation:
Part 2: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47003
Part 3: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/54180/

Silhouette Animation:
https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47002

These stacks are meant for cataloguing every stop-motion animation on Myanimelist. The list is the result of research by the Stop-Motion Animation Appreciation Society:

https://myanimelist.net/clubs.php?cid=16200

Stop-motion is a form of animation in which objects are manipulated little by little while each frame is shot separately. Puppet animation is the most common, but before 1935 cutout animation was also very common. Among other types are claymation, pixilation (now removed from the database), object and model animation. In this list also works using sand, charcoal or paint are included, since in the form they've been accepted to MAL, they also include gradual manipulation and shot by shot filming.

Part 1: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47018
Part 2: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47020
Part 3: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47021
Part 4: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47022
Part 5: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47023
Part 6: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47026
Part 7: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47027
Part 8: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47032
Part 9: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47034
Part 10: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47035

Part 12: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/47038
Part 13: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/49186
Part 14: https://myanimelist.net/stacks/51880

All shorts found on the Japanese Classics Collection box set, curated by Digital Meme, a Japanese company dedicated to obscure East Asian media.

Entries date between 1928 and 1950, making these some of the oldest available anime.

Not listed:
Doubutsu Sumo Taikai (Animal Sumo) https://myanimelist.net/anime/5812/Doubutsu_Sumo_Taikai?q=animal%20sumo&cat=anime
Ohisama to Kaeru (The Sun and the Frogs) https://myanimelist.net/anime/6828/Ohi-sama_to_Kaeru?q=the%20sun%20and%20the%20frogs&cat=anime
Ahiru no Otegara (The Duckling Saves the Day)

These three were only omitted because there wasn't enough room on the list, and it didn't feel worth it to make a part 2. In Ahiru no Otegara's case, this anime is not in the MAL database.